Military Attack ambushes field to win HK Gold Cup

Group	Australians
Population	23,885,206+
Popplace	000}}

|region1 = |region2 = |pop2 = 400,000 |region3 = |pop3 = 200,000 |region4 = |pop4 = 100,000 |region5 = |pop5 = 80,000 |region6 = |pop6 = 70,000 |region7 = |pop7 = 35,000 |region8 = |pop8 = 30,000 |region9 = |pop9 = 20,000 |region10 = |pop10 = 20,000 |region11 = |pop11 = 20,000 |region12 = |pop12 = 16,000 |region13 = |pop13 = 15,000 |region14 = |pop14 = 15,000 |region15 = |pop15 = 15,000 |region16 = |pop16 = 15,000 |region17 = |pop17 = 12,000 |region18 = |pop18 = 12,000 |region19 = |pop19 = 11,000 |region20 = |pop20 = 10,000 |region21 = |pop21 = 8,000 |region22 = |pop22 = 7,000 |region23 = |pop23 = 6,000 |region24 = |pop24 = 5,500 |region25 = |pop25 = 5,000 |region26 = |pop26 = 5,000 |region27 = |pop27 = 5,000 |region28 = |pop28 = 5,000 |languages= EnglishAboriginal languagesTasmanian languagesTorres Strait Island languagesOthers |religions=Predominantly Christianity, mostly Protestantism, but also Roman Catholicism. Other religions include Bah?'? Faith, Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, and Sikhism. Agnosticism and Atheism are also prevalent. }} Australians are the citizens of Australia. Aside from the Indigenous Australian population, nearly all Australians or their ancestors immigrated within the past 230 years. As such the term does not necessarily imply a specific racial background. Australian people are colloquially referred to as 'Aussie'.

Mainstream Australian culture is a Western culture largely derived from the traditions of Western European migrants beginning with the early settlers from England, Scotland, and Ireland. As such Anglo-Celtic Australians have been highly influential in shaping the nation's culture.

The demographics of the major cities are often different to that of rural cities as a result of the differing migration patterns.

Australians can refer to:

The citizens of Australia, as defined by Australian nationality law

People whose ancestors lived in Australia

Indigenous Australians

The earliest accepted timeline for the first arrivals of indigenous Australians to the continent of Australia places this human migration to at least 40,000 years ago, most probably from the islands of Indonesia and New Guinea.

These first inhabitants of Australia were originally hunter-gatherer peoples, who over the course of many succeeding generations diversified widely throughout the continent and its nearby islands. Compared to the West, their technical culture remained static and depended on wood, bone, and stone tools and weapons? despite this, their spiritual and social life is believed to have been highly complex. Most spoke several languages, and confederacies sometimes linked widely scattered tribal groups. Aboriginal population density ranged from one person per square mile along the coasts to one person per in the arid interior. Food procurement was usually a matter for the nuclear family, requiring an estimated 3 days of work per week. There was little large game, and outside of some communities in the more fertile south-east, they had no agriculture.

Dutch navigators landed on the coasts of modern Western Australia and Queensland several times during the 17th century, and Australia may have been sighted by Portuguese sailors in 1701. Captain James Cook claimed the east coast for Great Britain in 1770, the west coast was later settled by Britain also. At that time, the indigenous population was estimated to have been between 315,000 and 750,000, divided into as many as 500 tribes speaking many different languages. In the 2006 Census, 407,700 respondents declared they were Aboriginal, 29,512 declared they were Torres Strait Islander, and a further 17,811 declared they were both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. After adjustments for undercount, the indigenous population as of end June 2006 was estimated to be 517,200, representing about 2.5% of the population.

Since the end of World War II, efforts have been made both by the government and by the public to be more responsive to Aboriginal rights and needs. Today, many tribal Aborigines lead a settled traditional life in remote areas of northern, central, and western Australia. In the south, where most Aborigines are of mixed descent, most live in the cities.

Australian diaspora

There is an estimated 1 million Australians (approximately 5% of the population) residing outside Australia. Hundreds of thousands of young Australians traditionally spend time living in Europe, but most return to Australia. The Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement facilitates open migration to and from New Zealand. Key factors affecting the Australian Diaspora are rise of a global labour market, more accessible and economical international transport, and increasingly sophisticated communication technologies along with a growing interest in broader global community.

Population

The current Australian population is estimated at 000}} ( ). This does not include an estimated 1 million Australians living overseas (see above), but it includes the estimated 24% of Australians born overseas (in various nations, but predominantly the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Italy, China, Vietnam, India, the Philippines, and Greece).

Historical

The data in the table is sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Note that population estimates in the table below do not include the Aboriginal population before 1961. Estimates of Aboriginal population prior to European settlement range from 300,000 to one million, with archaeological finds indicating a sustainable population of around 750,000.

style="width:50px;" colspan="4" style="text-align:center;" Pre-Federation style="width:50px;" Year Population >style="width:90px;"| Population 859 332,328 4,588 1,050,828 10,263 1,539,552 25,859 2,092,164 58,197 2,981,677 151,868 3,664,715

style="width:90px;" style="width:50px;" Year Population || % change Year Population % change Year Population % change 3,788,123 - 7,109,898 4.9 14,923,260 6.3 4,059,083 7.2 7,465,157 5.0 16,018,350 7.3 4,489,545 10.6 8,421,775 12.8 17,284,036 12.8 4,943,173 10.1 9,425,563 11.9 18,310,714 5.9 5,455,136 10.4 10,548,267 11.9 19,413,240 6.0 6,056,360 11.0 11,599,498 10.0 20,848,760 7.4 6,526,485 7.8 13,067,265 12.7 6,778,372 3.4 14,033,083 7.4

Ancestry

For generations, the vast majority of both colonial-era settlers and post-Federation immigrants came from the United Kingdom and Ireland, although the gold rushes also drew migrants from other countries. Since the end of World War II, Australia's population more than doubled, spurred by large-scale European immigration during the immediate post-war decades. At this time, the White Australia Policy discouraged non-European immigration.

Abolition of the White Australia Policy in the mid-1970s led to a significant increase in non-European immigration, mostly from Asia and the Middle East. 60.2% of Australia's population declared European ancestry in the 2011 census. In addition, many of those who chose Australian ethnicity are of European ethnic origin themselves. The total indigenous population is estimated to be about 520,000 individuals, including people of mixed descent. The population of Queensland also includes descendants of South Sea Islanders brought over for indentured servitude in the 19th century.

In the Australian Census residents are asked to describe their ancestry, in which up to two could be nominated. Proportionate to the Australian resident population, the most commonly nominated ancestries were:

English (36.1%) (2011)

Australian (35.4%) (2011)

Irish (10.4%) (2011)

Scottish (8.9%) (2011)

Italian (4.6%) (2011)

German (4.5%) (2011)

Chinese (4.3%) (2011)

Indian (2.0%) (2011)

Greek (1.9%) (2011)

Dutch (1.7%) (2011)

Lebanese (0.92%)

Armenian (0.82%)

New Zealand (0.81%)

Filipino (0.81%)

Maltese (0.77%)

Croatian (0.59%)

Australian Aboriginal (0.58%)

Welsh (0.57%)

Serbian (0.48%)

Indonesian (0.47%)

Spanish (0.42%)

Macedonian (0.42%)

Sinhalese (0.37%)

American (0.28%)

French (0.5%)

South African (0.4%)

Hungarian (0.3%)

Russian (0.3%)

Turkish (0.3%)

At the 2006 Census 455,026 people (or 2.3% of the total Australian population) reported they were of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin.

Languages

English is the de facto national language of Australia and is spoken by the majority of the population, regardless of other languages spoken. Most Australians speak Australian English, however Australian Aboriginal English and Torres Strait English, along with various creoles and pidgins, are spoken by some Indigenous Australians. Australia is home to a great number of unique but endangered Indigenous Australian languages, as well as Australian Aboriginal sign languages. Australia's hearing-impaired community primarily uses Auslan, a member of the BANZSL language family.

The diverse backgrounds of Australians lead to a great number of community languages being spoken:

style="width:50px;" 15,581,333 316,895 252,226 243,662 220,600 194,863 98,001 92,331 75,634 70,011 67,836 63,612 53,389

style="width:30%;"	Language	Speakers||	Language	Speakers	Language	Speakers
English language	English only	|	Korean language>Korean	54,623	Portuguese language>Portuguese	25,779
Italian language	Italian	|	Turkish language>Turkish	53,857	Assyrian Neo-Aramaic>Assyrian	23,526
Greek language	Greek	|	Serbian language>Serbian	52,534	Indonesian language>Indonesian	23,164
Arabic language	Arabic	|	French language>French	43,216	Persian language>Persian	22,841
Mandarin language	Mandarin	||Danish||	42,036	Hungarian language>Hungarian	21,565
Vietnamese language	Vietnamese	|	Maltese language>Maltese	36,514	Hindi language>Hindi	20,223
Spanish language	Spanish	|	Russian language>Russian	36,502	Urdu language>Urdu	19,288
Filipino language	Filipino (Tagalog)	|	Dutch language>Dutch	36,183	Bengali language>Bengali	15,743
German language	German	|	Japanese language>Japanese	35,111	Punjabi language>Punjabi	13,164
Cantonese language	Cantonese	|	Tamil language>Tamil	32,700
Macedonian language	Macedonian	|	Hebrew	67,835
Croatian language	Croatian	|	Romanian language>Romanian	29,055
Polish language	Polish	|	Khmer language>Khmer	24,715

Religion

Australians have various religions and spiritual beliefs. The Australian Bureau of Statistics gathers information on religious belief in the national census. As in many Western countries, the level of active participation in church worship is lower than would be indicated by the proportion of the population identifying themselves as Christian; weekly attendance at church services is about 1.5 million, or about 7.5% of the population. {|class="wikitable" |- |Christianity||63.9%||Islam||1.7% |- |No religion||18.7%||Judaism||0.4% |- |No response||11.2%||Other||2% |- |Buddhism||2.1%||colspan="2"|Source: ABS |}

Nationality

Australians share Australian nationality, which is governed by Australian nationality law. Since there is no national identification card, commonly accepted proofs of Australian citizenship are the Australian passport, an Australian birth certificate (prior to 1986, when jus soli was abolished), or an Australian citizenship certificate. Australia permits dual citizenship with no restriction, but a more restricted qualification is imposed on people wishing to enter Parliament (see Sue v Hill).

References

Category:Ethnic groups in Oceania

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Source: http://article.wn.com/view/2013/02/24/Military_Attack_ambushes_field_to_win_HK_Gold_Cup/

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